
An ultra-violent generation, case study of Spring Breakers and Elephant
In the beginning of this century, teenagers are also struck with ultra-violence, from the TV to high-school massacre. This violence doesn’t define the danger anymore but more this vision of normalization. With the news, we are always confronted with assault, brutality, wars and terrorism, all the worst things that happened in the world are told to us every day. Violence has become standard, and even worst a sort of voyeurism, in which we tend to be attracted.
The normalization of violence
On the 20th April 1999 Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold entered in their High School and killed 13 people. This massacre had strongly haunted the spirits. Revenge, violence and death could be found in every corner, even in young teenagers. The movie Elephant from Gus Van Sant was constructed based on this tragic event. We follow the lives of the Columbine High-School’s teenagers on the day of the massacre. What stands here is that the atmosphere predominates on the plot. It is one of the main conventions of indie films according to Staiger. The dialogues are not use for the purpose of plot but to show a banal day, in a banal school, and the violence melt in this triviality. In mainstream’s movies violence is normally emphasizes, by the editing, and the use of music. Here it is the opposite. The scenes of violence are filmed the same way as the other scenes. For example, when the two armed murderers has just entered the library, everybody is watching them, but nobody is alarmed. The photographer, Elias, points his camera at them. He sees but does not react. When Alex shoots Michelle, the first victim, the whole library is going to panic, shout and hide. When the damage has already be done, people react. After this event three girls, in the bathrooms, hear the gun shots. Even though they know what is going on, they don’t panic and are glad they won’t have to go to school anymore “Oh, that’s bombs, that’s fine.”. They shout only when Alex is fronting them. Hearing about the violence don’t warn people. It has becoming normal. It’s when the violence is in front of us that we personally react. It’s also directly linked with the movie title Elephant which represents the fact that it stands out a mile, but we still ignore it.
We can confront Elephant with Spring Breakers from Harmony Korine in this idea of the triviality of the violence. To go on a Spring Break Candy, Brit and Cotty, are going to rob a fast food to collect money for their holiday. What stands out is the fact that they seem to do it with a lot of detachment. They advise themselves to do it like if they were in a videogame or in a movie. They are totally out of the reality and the real consequences of violence. This idea can as well be seen in Elephant. The movie ends on Alex who is singing “Eeny, meeny, miny, moe” to choose who he is going to kill first, Nathan or Carrie. Again, killing is the game (as Alex was playing video games as well). It is interesting because Spring Breakers and Elephant are, however, totally different in their realization. Harmony Korine wanted to imitate the archetype of the mainstream movies. As Ed Cameron said in his article Harmony Korine's: Break from Reality": Spring Breakers as Candy-Coloured Neon Noir, the film looks like a candy-coated landscape where the superficiality has taken the place of the reality. The violence is also lead by a sexual interest. The girls have a sexual attraction for Alien, because he is a criminal who doesn’t respect the orders. His guns and bills are the objects of his power. We can also see in the pistols a phallic representation. As Cameron said, the real goal of this spring-break was more the transgression itself of being powerful by the use of violence. These holidays are their way to release all their human’s frustration. For the first time there are in control.
Being in control depicted well the two movies. Alex, Eric, Candy, Brit and Cotty see in the violence a way of finally be empowered.

Elias takes a picture of Alex in Elephant

The hold-up of the girls in Spring Breakers
Loop structure, an eternal violence
"I can't stand plots, because I don't feel like life has plots. There is no beginning, middle, or end, and it upsets me when things are tied up so perfectly”, Harmony Korine
Elephant and Spring Breakers are constructed on a loop structure. We often see the same scene from a different perspective. In Spring Breakers during all the film, we see contemplative scenes of teenagers who are partying on the beach, real spring breakers, not actors. These scenes do not serve the plot. As Cameron said, these scenes depicted a phantasmatic world, something unreal. Indeed, the images are in florescent colors. Sounds are also repeated at several moments of the film, the letter for the grandmother and the continuous whispering of “Spring Breakers”. As Korine said the narrative is liquid. During the movie, the speech doesn’t evolve, but is accentuated by the constant loop. The scenes are often intercut by flash back or flash forwards. According to Cameron this structure depicted the constant inability to be satisfied, because the movie doesn’t follow an amplification but a wobbling.
In Elephant, as well, the narrative is deconstructed, not only by flash-back and flash forward, but more about the perspective. We follow each character through his/her day which offer us an overview of the period before the massacre, giving a repetitive narration. The temporality is constantly brought back at the beginning just when the massacre was about to take place. As Manuel Asensi Perez said in Elephants in the eye of Gus Van Sant: world modeling in Elephant, it shows us that the victims of this massacre are the whole community. It’s not focusing on one character for us to get attached to. By putting every character at the same level, the murderers are not shown differently than the victims. As Carrie and Nathan are shown as the populars of the high-school, Alex and Eric are the outcasts. They are not treated differently by the director, music and editing. There is this really touching scene right before the massacre. Alex is in the shower, and Eric joins him, he says “ I guess this is it. We are going to die today. I have never kissed anybody, have you?” and they kiss. This tender scene shows them as normal teenagers who feel their first sexual and love attractions. The time-distortion of the movie is also giving by slow motions. These scenes pause the narration to give them a special attention. I think the most important one is when John is about to meet Alex and Eric who are intending to enter the school with bags full of guns. John plays with the dog, he has not yet seen the two boys, but we have. The moment is slowed, as a suspended tender and simple moment before the stonyhearted massacre. According to Manuel Asensi Perez, it shows that daily lives of those teenagers is going to be broken by a soon disaster. This scene can be seen as the overturning moment. As Alex said, “So foul and fair a day I have not seen”.

Spring breakers

Slow-motion before the massacre in Elephant
Harmony Korine and Gus Van Sand do not want to judge their characters in both of their movies but give more of an overview as a state of situation, for which the spectator can judge by himself.